TEHRAN - Five short films produced by the Fajr Cinema Organization have been submitted to the 8th Bristol Festival in Britain.

The films include ****Silence of the Train*** directed by Mohmmad-Reza Akbari, ****Darkness*** directed by Nader Tariqat, and ****Desert**** by Alireza Amini.

The festival will be held from November 2 to 24.

Biography of Motahhari: A Great Life of an Incredible Genius

Professor Motahhari also made wide-ranging studies of economics and ownership. On the ownership of machinery he believed in the supreme religious leadership decree (ijtihad) because, according to him, the invention of machinery was a new phenomenon which did not exist in Islamic jurisprudence before. He had the same opinion about banking, insurance and customs duties. He thought that religious decrees on these issues should be issued gradually. He believed that the machine is not a means of production because tools have definitions and limits. Tools, in his point of view, are those enabling human beings to work better, such as a spade. In other words, they follow and facilitate the work of a worker. But the machine is not a tool and its nature is different because the machine does not follow the worker. Rather, it is a productive force itself which creates work. The machine works while man watches. There are also machines which create other machines. Motahhari reached the conclusion that the machine should not be defined as a tool because of its nature. In his words, the situation of the machine corresponds with that of slavery in Islam and in Islam tools have an owner and not machines because there is no economic slavery in Islam. The viewpoints he discussed on machines and mechanization have not been discussed by anyone else. Many people, including those adhering to socialism, have mentioned public ownership of machines, but the Professor believed that none of their opinions are based on logic and that the viewpoints of the Marxists and other individuals are more sentimental.

They oppose individual ownership of machines because of their natural inclination and their belief that economic exploitation and oppression should not exist.

He had a great ability to listen and understand all viewpoints and sayings of a philosophical, religious, and social nature. This is necessary for anyone who considers himself/herself committed and responsible. One should first study the beliefs and ideas of various religions and schools of thought impartially, reject those which are the sources of deviation, and then present correct answers and a correct path. This method was used by the Professor and it can be seen in almost all of his works.

In quoting the opposition he never resorted to changing their words but quoted them exactly. Because he was involved in research activities the Professor had to quote the ideas and beliefs of various schools of thought in his books. He always quoted them directly without changing them.

The political activities of Professor Motahhari gained momentum during the Islamic Revolution of June 5, 1963 in which the Muslim clergy played a very important role. Many of them were arrested and imprisoned. In the middle of the night of June 5th, Motahhari was arrested. He was imprisoned for 43 days but was later released due to pressure exerted by the people and a number of Muslim clergymen who had come to Tehran.